Lock-joint shingle assembly



Oct. 5, 1965 G. F. WASKE LOCK-JOINT SHINGLE ASSEMBLY 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 25, 1962 INVEN TOR. 650265 ,F. M8115 ATTOQIVEYS Oct. 5, 1965 G. F. WASKE 3,209,506

LOCK-JOINT SHINGLE ASSEMBLY Filed Feb. 25, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVENTOR. 650E615 E MS/(E 8 Maw Z40 A TTORIVEYS United States Patent 3,209,506 LOCK-JOINT SHINGLE ASSEMBLY George F. Waske, Parnell, M0. (704 N. Lathrop, Cameron, Mo.) Filed Feb. 23, 1962, Ser. No. 175,082 6 Claims. (Cl. 52-520) This invention relates to a covering for buildings or the like and more particularly to a shingle assembly which may be utilized for either the side walls or roofs of the buildings.

The principal objects of the present invention are: to provide an interlocking shingle construction wherein the seams between respective shingles are highly water resistant due to engaging flange shoulders; to provide a shingle seam structure which aids in maintaining correct relative positioning between shingles during installation; to provide a shingle joint having both overlapping and abutting portions and which is highly water resistant and aids in maintaining proper shingle positioning; to provide a universal nail tab which may be fabricated from substantially less material than prior .art nail tabs and yet is easily adapted to support either the left or right hand corner of a shingle; to provide such a nail tab having an oflsetting shoulder extending across the center thereof permitting an upper body portion of the tab to rest against the shingle mounting surface while a lower body portion engages a shingle flange spaced outwardly of the surface; to provide a lock joint shingle assembly wherein the nail tabs and nails are not exposed to view or weather after installation; to provide such a shingle construction which is adapted to be fabricated from bendable sheet metal, synthetic resins, or other formable materials; to provide such a building covering having shingles which may be constructed in a variety of different sizes and shapes; to provide such a lock joint shingle assembly which is pleasing in appearance and easily installed; and to provide a covering of this character which is simple in design and economical to manufacture.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein are set'forth by way of illustration and example certain embodiments of this invention.

FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary plan view of interlocked shingles embodying this invention with a portion broken away showing supporting nail tabs engaged therewith.

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale of a lower and two side interlocked shingles and a nail tab with portions broken away showing the shingle flanges.

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale with parts broken away showing details of the joint between two side shingles.

FIGURE 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 44 of FIGURE 2 particularly showing the interfitting shingle assembly structure at the point of juncture between two side shingles.

FIGURE 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional View on an enlarged scale taken on the line 5--5 of FIGURE 2 also showing the point of juncture between two side shingles.

FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale showing the seam between two shingles.

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale showing an improved universal shingle supporting nail tab.

FIGURE 8 is a plan view on an enlarged scale showing a blank immediately prior to being formed into a shingle.

FIGURE 9 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 99, FIG. 2, showing the cooperation between engaged shingles and a nail tab.

'ice

Referring to the drawings in more detail:

The reference numeral 1 generally indicates a covering for a building structure having an otherwise exposed surface 2, such as a roof or outside wall. The surface 2 is here illustrated as wood, however, it is to be understood that any building surface which is adapted to receive an anchoring member such as a screw or nail is suitable for receiving the covering 1. A plurality of shingle assemblies generally designated 3 cooperate to produce the covering 1 and, in the illustrated example, each assembly includes a substantially rhombus or diamond-shaped integral lower sheet metal shingle 4 having a substantially planar body 5 partially resting against the surface 2. It is to be understood that with the possible exception of edge shingles (not shown) all the shingles making up the shingle assemblies 3 are identical to the lower shingle 4. However, for the purpose of facilitating this description other terms and reference numerals appearing hereinafter will be used to describe the shingles located adjacent to the lower shingle 4 and interlocked therewith. The body 5 has a first upper side edge 6 and a second upper side edge 7, the edges 6 and 7 respectively sloping downwardly and outwardly in opposite directions from a central point 3 therebetween.

The upper side edges 6 and 7 each have a continuous forwardly and downwardly turned upper flange respectively designated 9 and 10 which are substantially parallel to and spaced from said body and have ends 11 and 12 respectively substantially abutting each other adjacent the central point 8. The upper flanges 9 and 10 each have a continuous lower or outer lip portion respectively designated 13 and 14 extending downwardly therefrom and oflfset toward but spaced from the shingle body 5 forming shingle flange shoulders 15 and 16 therebetween.

A pair of side shingles 17 and 18, which as noted above are identical to the lower shingle 4 each have a substantially planar body respectively designated 19 and 20 with a side corner 21 and 22, in the illustrated example, having a blunt outer end 23. The bodies 19 and 20 respectively have upper side edges 24 and 25 and lower side edges 26 and 27, with the upper and lower side edges of each body sloping upwardly and downwardly in the same lateral direction from the respective side corners 21 and 22. The lower edges 26 and 27 each have contiguous rearwardly and upwardly turned lower flanges 28 and 29 terminating at the upper ends 30 and 31 thereof facing the respective corners 21 and 22. The ends 30 and 31 are positioned in substantially abutting relation and are respectively spaced from the outer end 23 of the respective corners 21 and 22. The upper side edges 24 and 25 each have contiguous forwardly and downwardly turned upper flanges 32 and 33 terminating at the lower ends 34 and 35 thereof facing the respective corners 21 and 22 in substantially abutting relation and spaced from the outer ends 23 of the respective corners 21 and 22.

The lower flanges 28 and 29 and upper flanges 32 and 33 respectively have outer lip portions 36, 37, 38 and 39 offset toward but spaced from the respective side shingle body 19 or 20 and forming side shingle flange shoulders 40, 41, 42, and 43 therebetween. The lower shingle upper flanges 9 and 10 are respectively received between the side shingle lower flanges 28 and 29 and the bodies 19 and 20 with the respective flange shoulders 15 and 40, and 16 and 41 engaging forming a water resistant, interlocking seam structure 44 therebetween, FIGURE 6.

The respective corners 21 and 22 overlap each other as best illustrated in FIGURE 3 and, as noted above, the respective side shingle upper flange ends 34 and 35 and the respective side shingle lower flange ends 30 and 31 substantially abut each other. The corners and abutting ends cooperate to form a stable, shingle positioning, water resistant joint structure 45 between the side shingles 17 and 18.

An upper shingle 46 which is identical to the lower shingle 4 and side shingles 17 and 18 has a body 47 adapted to partially rest against the surface 2 in the manner of the lower shingle 4. The upper shingle body 47 has first and second lower side edges 48 and 49 respectively sloping upwardly and outwardly in opposite directions from a central point in the manner of but reversed from the edges 6 and 7 of the lower shingle 4. The edges 48 and 49 also have continuous rearwardly and upwardly turned flanges 49 terminating in end abutting relation adjacent the central point and having continuous outer lip portions extending upwardly therefrom and offset toward the body 47 in the manner of, but reversed from, the upper flanges 9 and 10 on the lower shingle 4. It is to be understood that the upwardly turned flanges (not shown) of the upper shingle 46 is adapted to be received against the side shingle upper flanges 32 and 33 in the space 50 provided between the upper flanges 32 and 33 and the side shingle bodies 19 and 20. The side shingle upper and lower flange lip portions 36, 37, 38 and 39 each have a beveled terminus 51 adjacent the respective side shingle corners 21 and 22.

A pair of identical supporting nail tabs 52 and 53 are each preferably of integral sheet metal construction and of polygonal shape and have parallel upper and lower edges 54 and 55 and parallel side edges 56 and 57. The edges 54 and 57, and the edges 55 and 56 respectively form oppositely disposed corners 58 and 59 in the shape of acute angles and the edges 54 and 56, and 55 and 57 respectively form oppositely disposed corners 60 and 61 in the shape of obtuse angles. The nail tabs 52 and 53 each include an upper planar tab body portion 62 and a lower planar tab body portion 62' parallel to the portion 62 and offset therefrom forming a tab shoulder 63 therebetween. The tab upper and lower edges 54 and 55 respectively have an integral flange 64 extending outwardly therefrom in the direction of the opposite tab body portion and turned toward the opposite tab body portion forming elongated upper and lower tab troughs 65 and 66. The tab troughs 65 and 66 are crimped at 67 and 68 adjacent the acute angled corners 58 and 59 respectively closing one end thereof. Extensions 69 and 70, which would otherwise extend laterally outwardly of the nail tab after the formation of the tab trough, are bent around the crimped end at 67 and 68 adding structural strength to the respective trough formations. Nail receiving openings 71 and 72 are oppositely positioned substantially in the center of each of the nail tab body portions 62 and 62.

The nail tabs 52 and 53 are oppositely positioned adjacent the side shingle corners 21 and 22 in side edge abutting or juxtaposed relation. The lower troughs 66 respectively receive a part of the side shingle upper flange lip portions 38 and 39 and the beveled terminus 51 on each of the lips is located adjacent the respective trough crimp at 67 or 68. The tab shoulders 63 extend over the upper edges 6, 7, 24, and 25 of the lower shingle 4 and side shingles 17 and 18 whereby the tab upper body portions 62 rest against the shingle receiving surface 2. Suitable fastening members, in the illustrated example nails 73, extend through the upper tab openings 71 and into the surface 2 for securing the tabs 52 and 53 to the surface 2 whereby the shingles are supported in proper respective position thereagainst.

Referring to FIGURE 8, a blank 74 is illustrated which after flange bending forms the shingles. The blank 74 is preferably produced from sheet metal in a single punching operation and includes side notches 75 and 76 for forming the side corners 21 and 22 and upper and lower notches 77 and 78 which permit the upper and lower flanges to be formed in central point abutting relation. The fold lines for forming the flanges are indicated at 79 and 80.

The shingle assembly described above produces an interlocking seam and joint structure which is substantially water impervious but yet permits a small quantity of ventilating air to pass through to the shingle receiving surface 2 to aid in evaporating condensate or the like forming thereon. The overlapping and abutting structure of the side shingle corners and the interlocking seam along the shingle edges provide a positive positioning of the shingles as they are assembled to prevent unwanted lateral and vertical shifting with respect to the lower shingle 4 prior to the installation of the nail tabs 52 and 53 and the upper shingle 46. The various parts of the shingle assembly are easily produced and installation proceeds rapidly since the engaging shoulders on adjacent shingle flanges urge the shingles into correct relative positions. It is to be understood that although diamondshaped shingles are illustrated herein, this invention is adaptable to other shingle shapes, for example squares or triangles or various combinations. It is to be further understood that while one form of this invention has been illustrated and described it is not to be limited to this specific form or arrangement of parts herein described and shown except in so far as such limitations are included in the claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination with an upwardly extending shingle receiving surface, a shingle assembly comprising:

(a) a plurality of diamond-shaped sheet metal shingles disposed in parallel interdigitated rows, each of said shingles comprising first and second upper side edges diverging downwardly from an upper central point to oppositely disposed shingle corners,

(b) first and second lower side edges converging downwardly from the respective oppositely disposed shingle corners to a lower central point, said upper and lower side edges each having a substantially L-shaped flange formed integrally therewith, said flange and the shingle body forming a reentrant trough,

(c) the remote ends of the L-shaped flanges terminating in an offset lip portion, said lip portion being offset from said remote flange portion toward the shingle body and substantially parallel to said body, the L-shaped flanges on the upper side edges facing toward the shingle receiving surface and the L-shaped flanges on the lower side edges facing away from the shingle receiving surface,

(d) said flanges on said respective first and second upper and lower side edges terminating in end abutting relationship at the respective upper end lower central points, said flanges on said upper and lower first and second side edges terminating short of said shingle corners,

(e) the shingles of each of said rows being positioned with adjacent shingle corners in overlapping relationship, the flanges on the upper side edges of shingles in one row fitting into the reentrant troughs on the lower side edges of shingles in an adjacent row thereabove.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein:

(a) said L-shaped flanges each have a beveled terminus adjacent said respective shingle corners, and includmg (b) a pair of identical upwardly extending supporting nail tabs, said nail tabs comprising an upwardly extending sheet material body having a polygonal shape and parallel upper and lower edges and parallel side edges, said edges forming a pair of diagonally oppo-' site first corners and a pair of diagonally opposite second corners,

(c) said body having first and second substantially parallel planar body portions respectively offset from each other, said first and second body portion being interconnected by a shoulder therebetween,

(d) said upper and lower edges respectively having substantially L-shaped flanges formed integrally therewith, said L-shaped flanges and said respective body portions forming first and second reentrant troughs, said troughs being disposed on opposite sides of said body portions,

(e) means closing one end of said troughs adjacent said first corners forming closed trough ends, and (f) fastener receiving means oppositely disposed on each of said body portions for securing said tab to said surface, one of said tab troughs receiving one of said shingle flanges adjacent the beveled terminus thereof.

3. A universal tab for supporting shingles on an upwardly extending surface comprising:

(a) an upwardly extending sheet material body having a polygonal shape and parallel upper and lower edges and parallel side edges,

(b) said edges forming a pair of diagonally opposite first corners and a pair of diagonally opposite second corners,

(c) said body having first and second substantially parallel planar body portions respectively offset from each other, said first and second body portion being interconnected by a shoulder therebetween,

((1) said upper and lower edges respectively having substantially L-shaped flanges formed integrally therewith, said L-shaped flanges and said respective body portions forming first and second reentrant troughs, said troughs being disposed on opposite sides of said body portions,

(e) means closing one end of said troughs adjacent said first corners forming closed trough ends, and

(f) fastener receiving means oppositely disposed on each of said body portions for securing said tab to said surface.

4. The tab of claim 3 wherein:

(a) said body is of integral sheet metal, and

(b) said first corners are in the shape of acute angles,

and

(c) said second corners are in the shape of obtuse angles.

5. The tab of claim 3 wherein:

(a) said trough ends are closed by a crimp.

6. The tab of claim 3 wherein:

(a) said fastener receiving means are openings in said body portions adapted to receive nails.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 140,928 7/73 Lewando 52-532 295,283 3/84 Repp 5253O 345,089 7/86 Walter 52-520 2,128,495 8/38 Murphy 52520 2,631,552 3/53 Korter 52-530 2,820,535 1/58 Hutchison 52520 FOREIGN PATENTS 90,532 6/70 France.

FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examiner.

Examiners. 

1. IN COMBINATION WITH AN UPWARDLY EXTENDING SHINGLE RECEIVING SURFACE, A SHINGLE ASSEMBLY COMPRISING: (A) A PLURALITY OF DIAMOND-SHAPED SHEET METAL SHINGLES DISPOSED IN PARALLEL INTERDIGITATED ROWS, EACH OF SAID SHINGLES COMPRISING FIRST AND SECOND UPPER SIDE EDGES DIVERGING DOWNWARDLY FROM AN UPPER CENTRAL POINT TO OPPOSITELY DISPOSED SHINGLE CORNERS, (B) FIRST AND SECOND LOWER EDGES CONVERGING DOWNWARDLY FROM THE RESPECTIVE OPPOSITELY DISPOSED SHINGLE CORNERS TO A LOWER CENTRAL POINT, SAID UPPER AND LOWER SIDE EDGES EACH HAVING A SUBSTANTIALLY L-SHAPED FLANGE FORMED INTEGRALLY THEREWITH, SAID FLANGE AND THE SHINGLE BODY FORMING A REENTRANT TROUGH, (C) THE REMOTE ENDS OF THE L-SHAPED FLANGES TERMINATING IN AN OFFSET LIP PORTION, SAID LIP PORTION BEING OFFSET FROM SAID REMOTE FLANGE PORTION TOWARD THE SHINGLE BODY AND SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO SAID BODY, THE L-SHAPED FLANGES ON THE UPPER SIDE EDGES FACING TOWARD THE SINGLE RECEIVING SURFACE AND THE L-SHAPED FLANGES ON THE LOWER SIDE EDGES FACING AWAY FROM THE SINGLE RECEIVING SURFACE, (D) SAID FLANGES ON SAID RESPECTIVE FIRST AND SECOND UPPER AND LOWER SIDE EDGES TERMINATING IN END ABUTTING RELATIONSHIP AT THE RESPECTIVE UPPER END LOWER CENTRAL POINTS, SAID FLANGES ON SAID UPPER AND LOWER FIRST AND SECOND SIDE EDGES TERMINATING SHORT OF SAID SHINGLE CORNERS, (E) THE SHINGLES OF EACH OF SAID ROWS BEING POSITIONED WITH ADJACENT SHINGLE CORNERS IN OVERLAPPING RELATIONSHIP, THE FLANGES ON THE UPPER SIDE EDGES OF SHINGLES IN ONE ROW FITTING INTO THE REENTRANT TROUGHS ON THE LOWER SIDE EDGES OF SHINGLES IN AN ADJACENT ROW THEREABOVE. 